Efek Label Diagnosis ke Persepsi Keberbahayaan terhadap Orang dengan Gangguan Mental (ODGJ)

Muhammad Ivandra Riswidita, Sali Rahadi Asih

Abstract


Persepsi bahwa orang dengan gangguan mental (ODGJ) bersifat membahayakan merupakan salah satu bentuk stigma yang paling kuat dan persisten dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji bagaimana label diagnosis gangguan mental memengaruhi persepsi keberbahayaan, dengan membedakan antara potensi membahayakan diri sendiri dan orang lain. Menggunakan desain eksperimental berbasis vignette, 282 partisipan dewasa Indonesia (Mean usia= 32.4, SD= 12.8; n laki-laki= 104, n perempuan= 178) secara acak diberikan narasi fiktif yang menggambarkan gejala gangguan mental dengan atau tanpa label diagnosis, serta satu kondisi kontrol. Persepsi keberbahayaan diukur secara terpisah untuk keberbahayaan ke diri sendiri dan ke orang lain. Analisis menggunakan Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) menunjukkan bahwa baik keberadaan label diagnosis maupun jenis gangguan mental yang dibagikan ke partisipan secara signifikan memengaruhi persepsi keberbahayaan. Gangguan dalam spektrum psikosis dan disfungsi emosional lebih diasosiasikan dengan bahaya terhadap diri sendiri, sementara gangguan dalam spektrum externalizing lebih dikaitkan dengan bahaya terhadap orang lain. Implikasi dari temuan ke studi mengenai stigma, persepsi keberbahayaan, dan bagaimana perbedaan diagnosis gangguan serta persepsi keberbahayaan ke diri sendiri dan ke orang lain juga dibahas di penelitian ini.

Keywords


Eksperimental; Label Diagnosis; ODGJ; Persepsi Keberbahayaan.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.51849/j-p3k.v6i3.817

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